| |
Ageing involves many physiological changes.
These changes include loss of muscle mass and bone density, a less efficient immune function, decreased sensitivity to thirst, and poorer cardiovascular health, said Ms Joanna Tan, a dietitian at the Singapore Sports Medicine Centre and Changi General Hospital.
These changes can affect an elderly person's nutritional needs. For example, with a decline in immune function, some seniors may need to increase their intake of zinc and vitamins B6 and E, which help to boost immunity.
If their diet does not provide these vitamins and minerals, then multivitamin supplements may be necessary, Ms Tan said, adding, it is best to consult a dietitian or sports doctor before starting on any supplements.
A balanced diet often eliminates the need to take supplements
However, she pointed out, a well-balanced diet, based on the Health Promotion Board’s Healthy Diet Pyramid will meet the nutritional needs of most older adults who exercise.
There are four tiers in this pyramid. At the base of the pyramid is rice and its alternatives such as wholegrain products; the next tier has fruits and vegetables; the third tier has meat and its alternatives; and finally at the tip of the pyramid are the fats, oils, sugar and salt, which should be consumed the least of all.
|